{"id":145,"date":"2025-05-22T20:50:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T18:50:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/?p=145"},"modified":"2025-05-22T20:50:16","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T18:50:16","slug":"velka-rodina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/2025\/05\/22\/velka-rodina\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00e1 rodina"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e9 klasifikace<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158\u00ed\u0161e<\/strong> \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 (Animalia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kmen<\/strong> strunatci (Chordata)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podkmen <\/strong>obratlovci (Vertebrata)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0159\u00edda<\/strong> savci (Mammalia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158\u00e1d <\/strong>\u0161elmy (Carnivora)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cele\u010f<\/strong> lasicovit\u00ed (Mustelidae) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rod<\/strong> Mustela\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh<\/strong> tcho\u0159 tmav\u00fd (Mustela putorius)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak to jsem j\u00e1, Fretka dom\u00e1c\u00ed, latinsky Mustela putorius furo. J\u00e1 v\u00edm m\u00e1m dlouh\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, ale je\u0161t\u011b del\u0161\u00ed je \u0159ada m\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch. Co kdybych v\u00e1s s nimi sezn\u00e1mila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u017ee kde za\u010d\u00edt? No asi u m\u00e9ho nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho (vlastn\u011b jsem jeho zdom\u00e1cn\u011bl\u00e1 verze). Je j\u00edm Tcho\u0159 tmav\u00fd<\/strong> (Mustela putorius<\/em>), vyskytuje se v Evrop\u011b (krom\u011b \u00fapln\u011b severn\u00edch oblast\u00ed) a z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Asie. Mal\u00e1, velmi m\u00e1lo prozkouman\u00e1 populace \u017eije i v severn\u00ed Africe (Maroko). Je velmi teritori\u00e1ln\u00ed a samot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd, tak\u017ee se \u010dasto nev\u00edd\u00e1me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm bl\u00edzk\u00fdm druhem je Tcho\u0159 stepn\u00ed <\/strong>(Mustela eversmanii<\/em>). Dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta se v\u011bdci dohadovali, zda jsem v\u00edc p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 s Tcho\u0159em tmav\u00fdm nebo s Tcho\u0159em stepn\u00edm. Roku 2000 t\u00fdm skl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed se z japonsk\u00fdch a rusk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f zjistili, \u017ee m\u00e9 mitochondri\u00e1ln\u00ed DNA je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 toto\u017en\u00e1 s DNA tcho\u0159e tmav\u00e9ho. Co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nejsem samostatn\u00fd druh, ale domestikovan\u00fd poddruh Tcho\u0159e tmav\u00e9ho. Tcho\u0159 stepn\u00ed se vyskytuje od oblasti Ruska, Mongolska a \u010c\u00edny, p\u0159es jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropu, a\u017e na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, kde je z\u00e1padn\u00ed hranice jeho roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. V\u00fdskyt tcho\u0159e stepn\u00edho je v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice evidov\u00e1n hlavn\u011b na ji\u017en\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed Morav\u011b, v Polab\u00ed, \u010cesk\u00e9m st\u0159edoho\u0159\u00ed. Stejn\u011b jako Tcho\u0159 tmav\u00fd tak i m\u016fj bratranec Tcho\u0159 stepn\u00ed je samot\u00e1\u0159. To je \u0161koda, proto\u017ee j\u00e1 jsem velmi spole\u010densk\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tak to jsou moj\u00ed dva nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpuzn\u00ed, oba pat\u0159\u00ed do rodu Mustela, tak jako j\u00e1. Do rodu Mustela krom\u011b n\u00e1s je\u0161t\u011b prat\u0159\u00ed: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Lasice kol\u010dava – Mustela nivalis – nejmen\u0161\u00ed \u0161elma sv\u011bta<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Lasice hranostaj – Mustela erminea-\u00a0 typick\u00fd \u010dern\u00fd konec ocasu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Lasice Sibi\u0159sk\u00e1 – Mustela altaica – asijsk\u00e9 stepi a hory<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • Lasice japonsk\u00e1 – Mustela itatsi – endemit Japonska<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Lasice \u017elutohn\u011bd\u00e1 – Mustela kathiah – jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Lasice indick\u00e1 – Mustela strigidorsa – jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • Tcho\u0159 \u010dernonoh\u00fd – Mustela nigripes – Kriticky ohro\u017een\u00fd, USA<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • Tcho\u0159 perle\u0165ov\u00fd – Mustela lutreolina – ji\u017en\u00ed Asie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • Norek evropsk\u00fd – Mustela lutreola<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed rody, tak\u017ee v podstat\u011b moje vzd\u00e1len\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed, bratranci a sest\u0159enice z druh\u00e9ho kolena, pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • Rod Martes \u2013 kuny<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Z\u00e1stupci:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Kuna lesn\u00ed (Martes martes)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • Kuna skaln\u00ed (Martes foina)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        • Kuna ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 (Martes pennanti) \u2013 Severn\u00ed Amerika<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • Rod Meles \u2013 jezevci<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Z\u00e1stupci:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Jezevec lesn\u00ed (Meles meles) \u2013 Evropa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            • Jezevec \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd (Meles leucurus)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                              \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                              • Rod Lutra<\/em> \u2013 vydry<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • Z\u00e1stupci:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • Vydra chluponos\u00e1 (Lutra sumatrana)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                • Vydra pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed (Lutra felina)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                  \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                    \n
                                  • Vydra jihoamerick\u00e1 (Lutra longicaudis)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                      \n
                                    • Vydra \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed (Lutra lutra)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                        \n
                                      • Rod Gulo<\/em> <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • Jedin\u00fd \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1stupce:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • Rosom\u00e1k sibi\u0159sk\u00fd (Gulo gulo)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                          \n
                                        • Rod Taxidea<\/em> <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • Jedin\u00fd \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1stupce:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • Jezevec americk\u00fd (Taxidea taxus<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                            \n
                                          • Rod Neogale<\/em><\/strong> – ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uzn\u00e1n v roce 2021<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                          • Z\u00e1stupci:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                          • Tcho\u0159 pruhovan\u00fd (Neogale frenata)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                            \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                              \n
                                            • Norek americk\u00fd (Neogale vison)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                              \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                \n
                                              • Tcho\u0159 africk\u00fd (Neogale africana)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \n
                                                • Tcho\u0159 Felipe\u016fv (Neogale felipei)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                                                  Uf, tak to teda byla j\u00edzda a to jsem je\u0161t\u011b nevyjmenovala v\u0161echny. Moje rodina je opravdu velk\u00e1 a j\u00e1 nem\u00e1m u\u017e \u017e\u00e1dnou s\u00edlu, tak se uvid\u00edme zase p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                                  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                  V\u011bdeck\u00e9 klasifikace \u0158\u00ed\u0161e \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 (Animalia) Kmen strunatci (Chordata) Podkmen obratlovci (Vertebrata) T\u0159\u00edda savci (Mammalia) \u0158\u00e1d \u0161elmy (Carnivora) \u010cele\u010f lasicovit\u00ed (Mustelidae)  Rod Mustela\u00a0 Druh tcho\u0159 tmav\u00fd (Mustela putorius) Tak to jsem j\u00e1, Fretka dom\u00e1c\u00ed, latinsky Mustela putorius furo. J\u00e1 v\u00edm m\u00e1m dlouh\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, ale je\u0161t\u011b del\u0161\u00ed je \u0159ada m\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch. Co kdybych v\u00e1s s nimi sezn\u00e1mila. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":170,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ahoj-ja-jsem-fretka"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":190,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145\/revisions\/190"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fred.blogweb.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}